Giuliana Birindelli is a Full Professor of Economics of Financial Intermediaries at the Department of Economics and Management, University of Pisa. She obtained her PhD from the same university. She is a member of numerous academic associations and scientific research centres, such as the Italian Association of Financial Industry Risk Managers, the IPAZIA Observatory on Gender Research, the Research Laboratory on ‘Banks, Businesses, Finance and Ethics’, the Italian Business Reporting Body – Sustainability, Non-Financial and Integrated Reporting, and Special Interest Groups of the European Law Institute. Her main research interests are social and environmental performance in the banking sector, corporate governance of banks, the Basel framework, internal rating systems, operational risk and compliance risk. She is currently a member of the Board of Statutory Auditors of the Bank of Italy and President of ADEIMF, the Association of Professors of Economics of Financial Intermediaries and Markets and Corporate Finance.